How to Fix REGISTRY ERROR (0X00000051) BSOD on Windows 10 & 11

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How to Fix REGISTRY ERROR (0X00000051) BSOD on Windows 10 & 11

The REGISTRY_ERROR (0x00000051) Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) is a critical system error that can suddenly appear while using your PC, often leading to an unexpected shutdown. This error typically indicates corruption in the Windows Registry or issues with system files related to registry operations. While frustrating, this problem is usually fixable without advanced technical skills. Below, well explain what causes this BSOD and provide step-by-step solutions to resolve it.

What Causes the REGISTRY_ERROR (0x00000051) BSOD?

The 0x00000051 error occurs when Windows encounters a problem while accessing or modifying the Registry, which is a critical database storing system and application settings. Common causes include:

  • Corrupted or damaged registry entries due to improper shutdowns or hardware issues.
  • Faulty or incompatible drivers (especially graphics, storage, or chipset drivers).
  • Malware or virus infections targeting the Registry.
  • Hardware failures, such as failing RAM or a problematic hard drive.
  • Outdated or conflicting system files corrupted during updates or software installations.

How to Fix REGISTRY_ERROR (0x00000051) BSOD

Method 1: Run System File Checker and DISM

Corrupted system files can trigger this error. Use built-in Windows tools to repair them:

  • Open Command Prompt as Administrator. Press Win + X, then select Terminal (Admin) or Command Prompt (Admin).
  • Run the following commands one by one, pressing Enter after each:
    • DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth

    Wait for the process to complete (this may take several minutes).

  • Next, run System File Checker (SFC):
    • sfc /scannow

    Restart your PC after both commands finish.

Method 2: Run CHKDSK to Check for Disk Errors

If the error is related to disk corruption, use CHKDSK to scan and repair bad sectors:

  • Open Command Prompt as Administrator.
  • Type the following command (replace C with your system drive if needed):
    • chkdsk C: /f /r /x

    Press Enter. If prompted, type Y to confirm.

  • Restart your PC and check for improvements after the scan completes.

Method 3: Update or Reinstall Problematic Drivers

Outdated or faulty drivers (especially graphics, chipset, or storage) often trigger this BSOD. Heres how to update them:

  • Press Win + X and select Device Manager.
  • Expand categories like Display adapters, Storage controllers, or System devices.
  • Right-click any device with a yellow exclamation mark, then choose Update driver. Select Search automatically for drivers.
  • If no updates are found, try reinstalling the driver by right-clicking the device and selecting Uninstall device, then restart your PC to let Windows reinstall it.

Method 4: Perform a Clean Boot to Identify Conflicts

A clean boot helps determine if third-party software is causing the issue:

  • Press Win + R, type msconfig, and press Enter.
  • Go to the Services tab, check Hide all Microsoft services, then click Disable all.
  • Switch to the Startup tab, click Open Task Manager, and disable all startup items.
  • Restart your PC. If the BSOD doesnt appear, a background app or service is likely the cause. Re-enable items one by one to identify the culprit.

Method 5: Restore System to a Previous State (If Available)

If the error started after recent changes, roll back your system:

  • Press Win + R, type rstrui, and press Enter.
  • Select Choose a restore point (if available) or Troubleshoot system issues. Follow the prompts to restore your PC to an earlier state.

Method 6: Check for Malware and Run a Registry Backup

Malware can corrupt registry entries. Scan your system and back up the Registry:

  • Use Windows Defender or trusted antivirus software to run a full scan.
  • Back up the Registry (for safety, not required unless comfortable with manual edits):
    • Press Win + R, type regedit, and press Enter.
    • Right-click the Computer key in the left pane, then select Export. Save the file to a safe location (e.g., desktop).

    Preventing Future REGISTRY_ERROR (0x00000051) BSODs

    To avoid this error in the future:

    • Regularly update Windows and drivers via Settings > Update & Security > Windows Update.
    • Avoid abrupt shutdowns; always use Restart or Shutdown properly.
    • Use a reliable antivirus to protect against malware targeting the Registry.
    • Monitor disk health with tools like Windows built-in CHKDSK.

    FAQ About REGISTRY_ERROR (0x00000051)

    Q: Is it safe to manually edit the Registry?

    A: No. The Registry is sensitive; incorrect edits can break Windows. Always back up first and use trusted tools or guides.

    Q: Will a factory reset fix this error permanently?

    A: A reset removes all data but should resolve deep system corruption. Use it as a last resort (back up files first).

    Q: Why does the BSOD appear randomly after installing new software?

    A: New software may conflict with drivers or Registry entries. Uninstall it and check for updates.

    Q: Can I ignore this error if my PC works fine otherwise?

    A: No. The error indicates potential instability; address it to prevent data loss or system damage over time.

    Final Notes

    The REGISTRY_ERROR (0x00000051) BSOD is usually fixable with the steps above. Start with SFC and DISM, then check drivers and disk health. If the issue persists, consider professional help or advanced troubleshooting like Safe Mode repairs. Always back up important data before making system changes.

    Last Updated: December 13, 2025

    Tested on: Windows 10 (22H2) & Windows 11 (23H2)

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